What is a virus?
A virus simply put is a computer program. Knowing that basic fact is all fine and dandy, but what is a computer program? Lets look into the basics of what a computer program is, the type of computer program a virus is, and how it infects your system eventually rendering it an effective paperweight.
One of the most basic essential functions of a computer is a computer program. Programs are essentially specific functions designed for intent of benefiting the overall functionality of software programs. One of the most basic commonly used software programs used are internet browsers. Aside from that we all have Videos, pictures, documents and music which are merely files. They are all meaningless junk without a program to present them to us such as Microsoft Word, Itunes, Picture viewer programs, or Windows Media Player. Some of the most simple programs commonly used would be the calculator, a clock, or games such as free cell, or solitaire. Many programs exist only to work in conjunction with other programs. Your operating system such as Windows 7, or Mac OS X is a complex set of many programs working together. The programs we use on a regular basis require many other programs to function. This is important to understand when it comes to what a virus is, and how it spreads.
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Ok, so having a basic knowledge of a program is sets us up with how viruses and other malicious software such as malware, spyware, trojans come into play. Viruses simply put are nothing more than programs, but unlike most programs have distinct differences in terms of how they function, and their obvious intent. For the purposes of this article I will focus specifically on the functionality of viruses, arming you with some basic knowledge so that you can determine if your computer has a virus or not.
Just as any other program, a virus performs a specific set of functions, typically in conjunction with other programs. Viruses essentially piggy back on other programs either adding certain unwanted functions, or outright replacing the intended function all together. What distinguishes viruses from other malicious programs is that they are designed to spread to other programs in the computer, as well as to spread to other systems and devices in a wide variety of ways, but mainly through either interconnected computers in a home or office, or through the internet itself in the form of emails, downloading content, or endless other methods that can be difficult if not impossible to detect or prevent.
They key to helping prevent viruses as well as removing them is to realize that just as with any other program they typically cannot infect a system without human involvement of some sort. And once a system is infected they often need some other actively functioning program to spread. Most computer systems have many programs running in the background more or less invisible to the user themselves. What programs are running will largely depend on what programs have been installed by the user. Because these programs are constantly running and are hidden from the eye they are a prime candidate viruses to spread without the users knowledge or subsequent actions. Other common areas for viruses to be planted are in the internet browser itself, in the functionality of the shut down startup process, and within files in the form of malicious functions that will be triggered by the program the file starts up when opened.
Viruses are typically designed in a way that when a certain function within a program is initiated the function laid out in the virus is also initiated often planting itself in another part of the program, or likely into other programs entirely. They are called viruses because they are designed to spread indefinitely if not contained and eliminated. Although viruses are typically designed to spread through very specific and often predictable paths, and to with specific goals in mind, it cannot be assumed that they are designed to function in a manner that warrants either rhyme nor reason. The reasons behind why and how viruses are designed and implemented is a topic for which endless publications and even entire books have been written. in other words it's not a topic worth delving too deep into for the purposes of this article.
With all we have discussed up to this point the signs to look for in terms of whether a virus has infected your system are as follows. if any of the programs such as your internet browser are acting erratic, or continually have error messages pop up with continued use. Keep in mind the programs that continually run in the background such as your clock, or antivirus. Remember also that certain aspects of many programs may be running in the background that you may not have previously realized. If you are getting error messages, and they continue to become more frequent, or you see new problems or error messages it is likely you have a virus. If the problems are contained then either the virus has been contained to a certain area , or your system is infected with other malicious software such as spyware, malware or a trojan. either way if their is a problem it is not likely to go away or fix itself. If it is a virus it will continue to worsen until you are no longer able to use your system. The worse it gets the more difficult and more time consuming it becomes to correct and reverse.
With that in mind if it appears that your computer has been infected with a virus it is highly advised that you either don't use your computer at all, or use extreme caution in doing so until it the virus has been properly and fully removed. Because viruses attach themselves to other programs, it is not uncommon for the program to either function abnormally or not at all after the virus has been removed. Although it is not as common these days as it once was, a virus has the very real threat of corrupting your computer beyond use, and cannot be repaired without wiping the hard drive and reinstalling your operating system. For this reason and many others it is critically important that you back up your files to either over the internet or to a separate media such as an external hard drive.
Next I will give a brief explanation of anti-virus software and it's basic functionality, However a detailed explanation warrants a separate article.
Anti-virus software is also a set of programs working together designed to prevent viruses, and to a lesser extent remove them. The reason I say to a lesser extent, is generally speaking anti-virus software by design is intended to prevent or block viruses from infecting a computer. The software will typically remove the virus as well, but generally speaking it is only able to remove the viruses that is should prevent or block from your system. So if your anti-virus is unable to block a virus, it likely won't be able to remove it either. Keep in mind however that anti-virus software is constantly updating, often many times in a single day, so their is the possibility the fix for the virus your system became infected with is included in a subsequent update, and would thus remove it. But if a virus is well planted and has spread through out your system it is unlikely the typical anti-virus program has the ability to remove it properly.
Just as viruses are in theory endless in the way they are designed, anti-virus software has to be continually designed to counter them. Its akin to the never ending battle between good and evil, hopefully good can stay a step ahead of evil. In terms of the importance of anti-virus software let me put it this way. It is often said that a computer with no antivirus software will be infected simply by connecting to the internet, and surfing the web for even a short time. This is because the countless viruses in existence are easily attached to nearly every aspect of the internet. In fact if the most basic security functions we're not pre-built into most operating systems such as Windows 7, or Mac OS X, simply connecting your computer to the internet and nothing more would likely infect your system within less than a minute. The point here is that if you do not keep your Operating System up to date with the latest security updates, and are not equipped with at least a basic anti-virus program, then as the saying goes, you are asking for it.
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Posted in Health and Medical Post Date 11/26/2024
